"""Plugin Manager for Dangerous Pi.

Provides a plugin framework for extending functionality.
Supports dynamic loading, enabling/disabling, and lifecycle management.
Includes header widget system and websocket broadcasting for plugins.
"""
import asyncio
import importlib.util
import inspect
import json
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict, field
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from enum import Enum
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List, Callable, Set
import sys

from .. import config


class PluginStatus(str, Enum):
    """Plugin status enum."""
    LOADED = "loaded"
    ENABLED = "enabled"
    DISABLED = "disabled"
    ERROR = "error"


class WidgetSeverity(str, Enum):
    """Widget severity levels for header widgets."""
    INFO = "info"
    WARNING = "warning"
    ERROR = "error"
    SUCCESS = "success"


@dataclass
class HeaderWidget:
    """Header widget data for displaying status in the UI.

    Attributes:
        id: Unique identifier (will be prefixed with source for plugins)
        source: Source identifier (e.g., "ups_manager", "plugin:hello_world")
        severity: Visual severity level
        message: Display message
        dismissible: Whether user can dismiss the widget
        icon: Optional emoji/icon
        action_label: Optional action button label
        action_url: Optional action button URL
        metadata: Additional data
        created_at: ISO timestamp of creation
        expires_at: Optional expiry (ISO timestamp)
    """
    id: str
    source: str
    severity: WidgetSeverity
    message: str
    dismissible: bool = True
    icon: Optional[str] = None
    action_label: Optional[str] = None
    action_url: Optional[str] = None
    metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
    created_at: Optional[str] = None
    expires_at: Optional[str] = None

    def __post_init__(self):
        if self.created_at is None:
            self.created_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()


@dataclass
class PluginMetadata:
    """Plugin metadata information."""
    id: str
    name: str
    version: str
    description: str
    author: str
    homepage: Optional[str] = None
    dependencies: List[str] = None
    permissions: List[str] = None

    def __post_init__(self):
        if self.dependencies is None:
            self.dependencies = []
        if self.permissions is None:
            self.permissions = []


@dataclass
class PluginInfo:
    """Plugin runtime information."""
    metadata: PluginMetadata
    status: PluginStatus
    path: Path
    error_message: Optional[str] = None
    enabled: bool = False


class PluginBase:
    """Base class for all plugins.

    Plugins should inherit from this class and implement the required methods.
    Provides access to header widgets, websocket broadcasting, and hardware.
    """

    # Websocket rate limiting: max events per second
    WS_RATE_LIMIT = 10

    def __init__(self):
        """Initialize the plugin."""
        self.metadata: Optional[PluginMetadata] = None
        self.hooks: Dict[str, List[Callable]] = {}
        self._ws_event_times: List[float] = []

    def _has_permission(self, permission: str) -> bool:
        """Check if plugin has a specific permission.

        Args:
            permission: Permission name to check

        Returns:
            True if plugin has permission, False otherwise
        """
        if self.metadata is None:
            return False
        return permission in (self.metadata.permissions or [])

    async def on_load(self):
        """Called when the plugin is loaded.

        Override this to perform initialization tasks.
        """
        pass

    async def on_enable(self):
        """Called when the plugin is enabled.

        Override this to start plugin functionality.
        """
        pass

    async def on_disable(self):
        """Called when the plugin is disabled.

        Override this to stop plugin functionality.
        """
        pass

    async def on_unload(self):
        """Called when the plugin is unloaded.

        Override this to perform cleanup tasks.
        """
        pass

    def register_hook(self, hook_name: str, callback: Callable):
        """Register a hook callback.

        Args:
            hook_name: Name of the hook (e.g., "pm3_command", "update_check")
            callback: Async callback function
        """
        if hook_name not in self.hooks:
            self.hooks[hook_name] = []
        self.hooks[hook_name].append(callback)

    def get_metadata(self) -> PluginMetadata:
        """Get plugin metadata.

        Returns:
            PluginMetadata object

        Raises:
            NotImplementedError if not implemented by plugin
        """
        raise NotImplementedError("Plugin must implement get_metadata()")

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Header Widget Methods
    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    def register_widget(
        self,
        widget_id: str,
        severity: WidgetSeverity,
        message: str,
        dismissible: bool = True,
        icon: Optional[str] = None,
        action_label: Optional[str] = None,
        action_url: Optional[str] = None,
        expires_at: Optional[str] = None,
        metadata: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
    ) -> bool:
        """Register a header widget for display in the UI.

        Widget ID is automatically prefixed with plugin namespace.
        Example: "status" becomes "plugin.hello_world.status"

        Args:
            widget_id: Short identifier for the widget
            severity: Visual severity level (info, warning, error, success)
            message: Display message
            dismissible: Whether user can dismiss the widget
            icon: Optional emoji/icon
            action_label: Optional action button label
            action_url: Optional action button URL
            expires_at: Optional expiry timestamp (ISO format)
            metadata: Additional data

        Returns:
            True if registered successfully, False otherwise
        """
        if self.metadata is None:
            return False

        # Create full widget ID with plugin namespace
        full_id = f"plugin.{self.metadata.id}.{widget_id}"

        widget = HeaderWidget(
            id=full_id,
            source=f"plugin:{self.metadata.id}",
            severity=severity,
            message=message,
            dismissible=dismissible,
            icon=icon,
            action_label=action_label,
            action_url=action_url,
            expires_at=expires_at,
            metadata=metadata
        )

        plugin_manager = get_plugin_manager()
        return plugin_manager.register_widget(widget)

    def unregister_widget(self, widget_id: str) -> None:
        """Remove a header widget.

        Args:
            widget_id: Short identifier (without plugin prefix)
        """
        if self.metadata is None:
            return

        full_id = f"plugin.{self.metadata.id}.{widget_id}"
        plugin_manager = get_plugin_manager()
        plugin_manager.unregister_widget(full_id)

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Websocket Broadcasting Methods
    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    async def broadcast_event(self, event_type: str, data: dict) -> bool:
        """Broadcast a websocket event to all connected clients.

        Requires 'websocket' permission in plugin.json.
        Event type is prefixed with plugin namespace: 'plugin.{plugin_id}.{event_type}'
        Rate limited to WS_RATE_LIMIT events per second.

        Args:
            event_type: Event type name (will be prefixed)
            data: Event data dictionary

        Returns:
            True if broadcast successful, False if rate limited or no permission
        """
        if not self._has_permission("websocket"):
            print(f"Plugin {self.metadata.id if self.metadata else 'unknown'}: "
                  "websocket permission required for broadcast_event()")
            return False

        # Rate limiting
        now = time.time()
        self._ws_event_times = [t for t in self._ws_event_times if now - t < 1.0]
        if len(self._ws_event_times) >= self.WS_RATE_LIMIT:
            print(f"Plugin {self.metadata.id}: rate limited (>{self.WS_RATE_LIMIT}/s)")
            return False
        self._ws_event_times.append(now)

        # Broadcast with namespaced event type
        try:
            from ..websocket.notifications import notify_plugin_event
            full_event_type = f"plugin.{self.metadata.id}.{event_type}"
            await notify_plugin_event(self.metadata.id, full_event_type, data)
            return True
        except ImportError:
            print(f"Plugin {self.metadata.id}: websocket notifications not available")
            return False
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Plugin {self.metadata.id}: broadcast error: {e}")
            return False

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Hardware Access Methods
    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    def get_i2c(self, bus: int = 1):
        """Get I2C bus access.

        Requires 'i2c' permission in plugin.json.

        Args:
            bus: I2C bus number (default: 1)

        Returns:
            SMBus instance or None if not available/permitted

        Raises:
            PermissionError: If plugin lacks 'i2c' permission
        """
        if not self._has_permission("i2c"):
            raise PermissionError(
                f"Plugin {self.metadata.id if self.metadata else 'unknown'}: "
                "'i2c' permission required"
            )

        from ..services.hardware_service import HardwareService
        return HardwareService.get_i2c_bus(
            self.metadata.id if self.metadata else "unknown",
            bus
        )

    def get_gpio(self):
        """Get GPIO access.

        Requires 'gpio' permission in plugin.json.

        Returns:
            GPIO module or None if not available/permitted

        Raises:
            PermissionError: If plugin lacks 'gpio' permission
        """
        if not self._has_permission("gpio"):
            raise PermissionError(
                f"Plugin {self.metadata.id if self.metadata else 'unknown'}: "
                "'gpio' permission required"
            )

        from ..services.hardware_service import HardwareService
        return HardwareService.get_gpio(
            self.metadata.id if self.metadata else "unknown"
        )

    def get_spi(self, bus: int = 0, device: int = 0):
        """Get SPI device access.

        Requires 'spi' permission in plugin.json.

        Args:
            bus: SPI bus number (default: 0)
            device: SPI device/chip select (default: 0)

        Returns:
            SpiDev instance or None if not available/permitted

        Raises:
            PermissionError: If plugin lacks 'spi' permission
        """
        if not self._has_permission("spi"):
            raise PermissionError(
                f"Plugin {self.metadata.id if self.metadata else 'unknown'}: "
                "'spi' permission required"
            )

        from ..services.hardware_service import HardwareService
        return HardwareService.get_spi(
            self.metadata.id if self.metadata else "unknown",
            bus,
            device
        )

    def get_serial(self, port: str, baudrate: int = 9600):
        """Get serial port access.

        Requires 'serial' permission in plugin.json.

        Args:
            port: Serial port path (e.g., '/dev/ttyUSB0')
            baudrate: Baud rate (default: 9600)

        Returns:
            Serial instance or None if not available/permitted

        Raises:
            PermissionError: If plugin lacks 'serial' permission
        """
        if not self._has_permission("serial"):
            raise PermissionError(
                f"Plugin {self.metadata.id if self.metadata else 'unknown'}: "
                "'serial' permission required"
            )

        from ..services.hardware_service import HardwareService
        return HardwareService.get_serial(
            self.metadata.id if self.metadata else "unknown",
            port,
            baudrate
        )


class PluginManager:
    """Manages plugin loading, enabling, lifecycle, and header widgets."""

    # Maximum number of active widgets
    MAX_WIDGETS = 10

    def __init__(self):
        """Initialize the plugin manager."""
        self._plugins: Dict[str, PluginInfo] = {}
        self._plugin_instances: Dict[str, PluginBase] = {}
        self._plugin_dir = config.BASE_DIR / "app" / "plugins"
        self._hooks: Dict[str, List[Callable]] = {}
        self._enabled_plugins: List[str] = []

        # Header widget registry
        self._header_widgets: Dict[str, HeaderWidget] = {}
        self._dismissed_widgets: Set[str] = set()

        # Create plugins directory if it doesn't exist
        self._plugin_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    async def discover_plugins(self) -> List[str]:
        """Discover all available plugins in the plugins directory.

        Returns:
            List of discovered plugin IDs
        """
        discovered = []

        # Look for plugin directories
        for plugin_path in self._plugin_dir.iterdir():
            if not plugin_path.is_dir() or plugin_path.name.startswith("_"):
                continue

            # Check for plugin.json metadata file
            metadata_file = plugin_path / "plugin.json"
            if not metadata_file.exists():
                continue

            try:
                # Load metadata
                with open(metadata_file, 'r') as f:
                    metadata_dict = json.load(f)
                    metadata = PluginMetadata(**metadata_dict)

                # Check for main.py
                main_file = plugin_path / "main.py"
                if not main_file.exists():
                    print(f"Plugin {metadata.id} missing main.py")
                    continue

                # Create plugin info
                plugin_info = PluginInfo(
                    metadata=metadata,
                    status=PluginStatus.LOADED,
                    path=plugin_path,
                    enabled=False
                )

                self._plugins[metadata.id] = plugin_info
                discovered.append(metadata.id)
                print(f"Discovered plugin: {metadata.name} v{metadata.version}")

            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error discovering plugin in {plugin_path}: {e}")
                continue

        return discovered

    async def load_plugin(self, plugin_id: str) -> bool:
        """Load a plugin into memory.

        Args:
            plugin_id: ID of the plugin to load

        Returns:
            True if loaded successfully, False otherwise
        """
        if plugin_id not in self._plugins:
            print(f"Plugin {plugin_id} not found")
            return False

        plugin_info = self._plugins[plugin_id]

        try:
            # Import the plugin module
            main_file = plugin_info.path / "main.py"
            spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
                f"plugins.{plugin_id}",
                main_file
            )
            module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
            sys.modules[f"plugins.{plugin_id}"] = module
            spec.loader.exec_module(module)

            # Find the plugin class (should inherit from PluginBase)
            plugin_class = None
            for name, obj in inspect.getmembers(module, inspect.isclass):
                if issubclass(obj, PluginBase) and obj is not PluginBase:
                    plugin_class = obj
                    break

            if not plugin_class:
                raise ValueError("No plugin class found in main.py")

            # Instantiate the plugin
            plugin_instance = plugin_class()
            plugin_instance.metadata = plugin_info.metadata

            # Call on_load lifecycle method
            await plugin_instance.on_load()

            # Store the instance
            self._plugin_instances[plugin_id] = plugin_instance
            plugin_info.status = PluginStatus.LOADED

            print(f"Loaded plugin: {plugin_info.metadata.name}")
            return True

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error loading plugin {plugin_id}: {e}")
            plugin_info.status = PluginStatus.ERROR
            plugin_info.error_message = str(e)
            return False

    async def enable_plugin(self, plugin_id: str) -> bool:
        """Enable a loaded plugin.

        Args:
            plugin_id: ID of the plugin to enable

        Returns:
            True if enabled successfully, False otherwise
        """
        if plugin_id not in self._plugin_instances:
            # Try to load it first
            if not await self.load_plugin(plugin_id):
                return False

        plugin_instance = self._plugin_instances[plugin_id]
        plugin_info = self._plugins[plugin_id]

        try:
            # Call on_enable lifecycle method
            await plugin_instance.on_enable()

            # Register plugin hooks
            for hook_name, callbacks in plugin_instance.hooks.items():
                if hook_name not in self._hooks:
                    self._hooks[hook_name] = []
                self._hooks[hook_name].extend(callbacks)

            plugin_info.status = PluginStatus.ENABLED
            plugin_info.enabled = True

            if plugin_id not in self._enabled_plugins:
                self._enabled_plugins.append(plugin_id)

            print(f"Enabled plugin: {plugin_info.metadata.name}")
            return True

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error enabling plugin {plugin_id}: {e}")
            plugin_info.status = PluginStatus.ERROR
            plugin_info.error_message = str(e)
            return False

    async def disable_plugin(self, plugin_id: str) -> bool:
        """Disable an enabled plugin.

        Args:
            plugin_id: ID of the plugin to disable

        Returns:
            True if disabled successfully, False otherwise
        """
        if plugin_id not in self._plugin_instances:
            return False

        plugin_instance = self._plugin_instances[plugin_id]
        plugin_info = self._plugins[plugin_id]

        try:
            # Call on_disable lifecycle method
            await plugin_instance.on_disable()

            # Unregister plugin hooks
            for hook_name, callbacks in plugin_instance.hooks.items():
                if hook_name in self._hooks:
                    for callback in callbacks:
                        if callback in self._hooks[hook_name]:
                            self._hooks[hook_name].remove(callback)

            plugin_info.status = PluginStatus.DISABLED
            plugin_info.enabled = False

            if plugin_id in self._enabled_plugins:
                self._enabled_plugins.remove(plugin_id)

            print(f"Disabled plugin: {plugin_info.metadata.name}")
            return True

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error disabling plugin {plugin_id}: {e}")
            plugin_info.error_message = str(e)
            return False

    async def unload_plugin(self, plugin_id: str) -> bool:
        """Unload a plugin from memory.

        Args:
            plugin_id: ID of the plugin to unload

        Returns:
            True if unloaded successfully, False otherwise
        """
        if plugin_id not in self._plugin_instances:
            return False

        # Disable first if enabled
        if self._plugins[plugin_id].enabled:
            await self.disable_plugin(plugin_id)

        plugin_instance = self._plugin_instances[plugin_id]

        try:
            # Call on_unload lifecycle method
            await plugin_instance.on_unload()

            # Remove from instances
            del self._plugin_instances[plugin_id]

            # Remove from sys.modules
            module_name = f"plugins.{plugin_id}"
            if module_name in sys.modules:
                del sys.modules[module_name]

            print(f"Unloaded plugin: {plugin_id}")
            return True

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error unloading plugin {plugin_id}: {e}")
            return False

    async def trigger_hook(self, hook_name: str, *args, **kwargs) -> List[Any]:
        """Trigger a hook and collect results from all registered callbacks.

        Args:
            hook_name: Name of the hook to trigger
            *args: Positional arguments for hook callbacks
            **kwargs: Keyword arguments for hook callbacks

        Returns:
            List of results from all callbacks
        """
        if hook_name not in self._hooks:
            return []

        results = []
        for callback in self._hooks[hook_name]:
            try:
                if asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(callback):
                    result = await callback(*args, **kwargs)
                else:
                    result = callback(*args, **kwargs)
                results.append(result)
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error in hook {hook_name}: {e}")

        return results

    def get_plugin_info(self, plugin_id: str) -> Optional[PluginInfo]:
        """Get information about a plugin.

        Args:
            plugin_id: ID of the plugin

        Returns:
            PluginInfo object or None if not found
        """
        return self._plugins.get(plugin_id)

    def get_all_plugins(self) -> Dict[str, PluginInfo]:
        """Get information about all plugins.

        Returns:
            Dictionary of plugin ID to PluginInfo
        """
        return self._plugins.copy()

    def get_enabled_plugins(self) -> List[str]:
        """Get list of enabled plugin IDs.

        Returns:
            List of enabled plugin IDs
        """
        return self._enabled_plugins.copy()

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Header Widget Methods
    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    def register_widget(self, widget: HeaderWidget) -> bool:
        """Register a header widget.

        Args:
            widget: HeaderWidget to register

        Returns:
            True if registered successfully, False if dismissed or at limit
        """
        # Check if user dismissed this widget
        if widget.id in self._dismissed_widgets:
            return False

        # Check widget limit
        if len(self._header_widgets) >= self.MAX_WIDGETS:
            # Remove oldest expired widget if any
            self._cleanup_expired_widgets()
            if len(self._header_widgets) >= self.MAX_WIDGETS:
                print(f"Widget limit reached ({self.MAX_WIDGETS}), cannot register {widget.id}")
                return False

        self._header_widgets[widget.id] = widget
        print(f"Registered widget: {widget.id}")
        return True

    def unregister_widget(self, widget_id: str) -> None:
        """Remove a widget from the registry.

        Args:
            widget_id: ID of widget to remove
        """
        if widget_id in self._header_widgets:
            del self._header_widgets[widget_id]
            print(f"Unregistered widget: {widget_id}")

    def get_active_widgets(self) -> List[HeaderWidget]:
        """Get all active, non-expired widgets.

        Returns:
            List of active HeaderWidget objects
        """
        self._cleanup_expired_widgets()
        return list(self._header_widgets.values())

    def dismiss_widget(self, widget_id: str) -> bool:
        """Mark widget as dismissed by user.

        Args:
            widget_id: ID of widget to dismiss

        Returns:
            True if widget was dismissed, False if not found
        """
        if widget_id in self._header_widgets:
            widget = self._header_widgets[widget_id]
            if not widget.dismissible:
                print(f"Widget {widget_id} is not dismissible")
                return False

            self._dismissed_widgets.add(widget_id)
            del self._header_widgets[widget_id]
            print(f"Dismissed widget: {widget_id}")
            return True
        return False

    def clear_dismissed(self) -> None:
        """Clear all dismissed widget IDs, allowing them to appear again."""
        self._dismissed_widgets.clear()
        print("Cleared dismissed widgets")

    def _cleanup_expired_widgets(self) -> None:
        """Remove expired widgets from the registry."""
        now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
        expired = []

        for widget_id, widget in self._header_widgets.items():
            if widget.expires_at:
                try:
                    expiry = datetime.fromisoformat(widget.expires_at.replace('Z', '+00:00'))
                    if now > expiry:
                        expired.append(widget_id)
                except (ValueError, TypeError):
                    pass

        for widget_id in expired:
            del self._header_widgets[widget_id]
            print(f"Expired widget removed: {widget_id}")


# Global plugin manager instance
_plugin_manager: Optional[PluginManager] = None


def get_plugin_manager() -> PluginManager:
    """Get the global plugin manager instance."""
    global _plugin_manager
    if _plugin_manager is None:
        _plugin_manager = PluginManager()
    return _plugin_manager