- added functions for a smartcard reset

- changed communication protocol via socket, length is coded in network byteorder
- splitted vpcd.[h|c] into more files, added include-guards


git-svn-id: https://vsmartcard.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/vsmartcard@18 96b47cad-a561-4643-ad3b-153ac7d7599c

virtualsmartcard/Makefile

@@ -34,10 +34,14 @@ TARGETS		   = libvpcd.so configuration virtualsmartcard
 # top-level rule
 all: $(TARGETS)
 
-libvpcd.so: vpcd/vpcd.c vpcd/vpcd.h
+ifd.o: vpcd/ifd.c
-	$(CC) $(LIBPCSCLITE_CFLAGS) $(SO_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $(@:%.so=%.o)
+	$(CC) $(SO_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(LIBPCSCLITE_CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
-	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(@:%.so=%.o) -o $@ -soname=$@.1 -lc
+
-	rm -f $(@:%.so=%.o)
+vpcd.o: vpcd/vpcd.c vpcd/vpcd.h
+	$(CC) $(SO_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+libvpcd.so: ifd.o vpcd.o
+	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $^ -o $@ -soname=$@.1 -lc
 
 .PHONY: virtualsmartcard
 virtualsmartcard:
@@ -103,6 +107,8 @@ uninstall:
 
 .PHONY: clean
 clean:
-	rm -f libvpcd.so
+	rm -f libvpcd.so \
-	rm -f vpcd.conf
+	    ifd.o \
-	rm -f virtualsmartcard
+	    vpcd.o \
+	    vpcd.conf \
+	    virtualsmartcard

virtualsmartcard/vpcd/ifd.c

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ifdhandler.h>
+#include <debuglog.h>
+
+#include "vpcd.h"
+
+/*
+ * List of Defined Functions Available to IFD_Handler 1.0
+ */
+RESPONSECODE
+IO_Create_Channel(DWORD channelid)
+{
+    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
+    if (vicc_init() < 0) return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+
+    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IO_Close_Channel()
+{
+    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
+    RESPONSECODE r = IFD_Eject_ICC();
+    if (vicc_exit() < 0) return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+
+    return r;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Get_Capabilities(DWORD tag, PUCHAR value)
+{
+    char *atr;
+    int size;
+    switch (tag) {
+        case TAG_IFD_ATR:
+
+            size = vicc_getatr(&atr);
+            if (size < 0) {
+                Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not get ATR");
+                return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+            }
+            Log2(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "Got ATR (%d bytes)", size);
+
+            memcpy(value, atr, size);
+            free(atr);
+            return IFD_SUCCESS;
+
+        case TAG_IFD_SLOTS_NUMBER:
+            (*value) = 0;
+            return IFD_SUCCESS;
+
+        //case TAG_IFD_POLLING_THREAD_KILLABLE:
+            //return IFD_SUCCESS;
+
+        default:
+            Log2(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "unknown tag %d", (int)tag);
+    }
+
+    return IFD_ERROR_TAG;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Set_Capabilities(DWORD tag, PUCHAR value)
+{
+    return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Set_Protocol_Parameters(DWORD protocoltype, UCHAR selectionflags, UCHAR
+        pts1, UCHAR pts2, UCHAR pts3)
+{
+    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
+    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Power_ICC(DWORD a)
+{
+    switch (a) {
+        case IFD_POWER_DOWN:
+            if (vicc_poweroff() < 0) {
+                Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not powerdown");
+                return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+            }
+            break;
+        case IFD_POWER_UP:
+            if (vicc_poweron() < 0) {
+                Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not powerup");
+                return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+            }
+            break;
+        case IFD_RESET:
+            if (vicc_reset() < 0) {
+                Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not reset");
+                return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            Log2(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "%d not supported", a);
+            return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Swallow_ICC()
+{
+    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
+    return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Eject_ICC()
+{
+    if (vicc_eject() < 0) {
+        return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+    }
+    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Confiscate_ICC()
+{
+    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
+    return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Transmit_to_ICC(SCARD_IO_HEADER SendPci, PUCHAR TxBuffer, DWORD TxLength,
+        PUCHAR RxBuffer, PDWORD RxLength, PSCARD_IO_HEADER RecvPci)
+{
+    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
+    (*RxLength) = 0;
+    char *rapdu;
+
+    int size = vicc_transmit(TxLength, (char *) TxBuffer, &rapdu);
+    if (size < 0) {
+        Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not send apdu or receive rapdu");
+        return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    (*RxLength) = size;
+    RxBuffer = memcpy(RxBuffer, rapdu, size);
+    free(rapdu);
+
+    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Is_ICC_Present()
+{
+    switch (vicc_present()) {
+        case 0:  return IFD_ICC_NOT_PRESENT;
+        case 1:  return IFD_ICC_PRESENT;
+        default:
+                 Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "Could not get ICC state");
+                 return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+    }
+    return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+}
+
+RESPONSECODE
+IFD_Is_ICC_Absent()
+{
+    return IFD_Is_ICC_Present();
+}

virtualsmartcard/vpcd/vpcd.c

@@ -16,156 +16,183 @@
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
  * virtualsmartcard.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
-#include <stdio.h>
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <ifdhandler.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
-#include <debuglog.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include "vpcd.h"
 
+static int server_sock = -1;
+static int client_sock = -1;
+
 /*
- * List of Defined Functions Available to IFD_Handler 1.0
+ * Send all size bytes from buffer to sock
  */
-RESPONSECODE
+static int sendall(int sock, size_t size, const char* buffer);
-IO_Create_Channel(DWORD channelid)
+/*
-{
+ * Receive size bytes from sock
-    if (vicc_init() < 0) return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+ */
+static char* recvall(int sock, size_t size);
 
-    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+
+int sendall(int sock, size_t size, const char* buffer) {
+    size_t sent = 0;
+    int i;
+    while (sent < size) {
+        i = send(sock, buffer, size-sent, 0);
+        if (i < 0) return i;
+        sent += i;
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+char* recvall(int sock, size_t size) {
-IO_Close_Channel()
+    char* buffer = (char*) malloc(size);
-{
+    if (buffer == NULL) return NULL;
-    RESPONSECODE r = IFD_Eject_ICC();
-    if (vicc_exit() < 0) return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
 
-    return r;
+    if (recv(sock, buffer, size, MSG_WAITALL) < size) {
+        free(buffer);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return buffer;
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+int sendToVICC(uint16_t size, const char* buffer) {
-IFD_Get_Capabilities(DWORD tag, PUCHAR value)
+    /* send size of message */
-{
+    uint16_t i = htons(size);
-    char * atr;
+    i = sendall(client_sock, sizeof i, (char *) &i);
-    int size;
+    if (i<0) {
-    switch (tag) {
+        vicc_eject();
-        case TAG_IFD_ATR:
+        return i;
-
+    }
-            size = vicc_getatr(&atr);
+    /* send message */
-            if (size < 0) {
+    i = sendall(client_sock, size, buffer);
-                Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not get ATR");
+    if (i<0) {
-                return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+        vicc_eject();
+        return i;
     }
 
-            value = memcpy(value, atr, size);
+    return 0;
-            free(atr);
-            return IFD_SUCCESS;
-
-        case TAG_IFD_SLOTS_NUMBER:
-            (*value) = 0;
-            return IFD_SUCCESS;
-
-        //case TAG_IFD_POLLING_THREAD_KILLABLE:
-            //return IFD_SUCCESS;
-
-        default:
-            Log2(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "unknown tag %d", (int)tag);
 }
 
-    return IFD_ERROR_TAG;
+/*
+ * Receive a message from icc
+ */
+int recvFromVICC(char** buffer) {
+    /* receive size of message on LENLEN bytes */
+    uint16_t *p = (uint16_t *) recvall(client_sock, sizeof *p);
+    if (p == NULL) {
+        vicc_eject();
+        return -1;
+    }
+    uint16_t size = ntohs(*p);
+    free(p);
+
+    /* receive message */
+    *buffer = recvall(client_sock, size);
+    if (*buffer == NULL) {
+        vicc_eject();
+        return -1;
     }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+    return size;
-IFD_Set_Capabilities(DWORD tag, PUCHAR value)
-{
-    return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+int vicc_eject() {
-IFD_Set_Protocol_Parameters(DWORD protocoltype, UCHAR selectionflags, UCHAR
+    if (client_sock > 0) {
-        pts1, UCHAR pts2, UCHAR pts3)
+        client_sock = close(client_sock);
-{
+        if (client_sock < 0) {
-    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+int vicc_init() {
-IFD_Power_ICC(DWORD a)
+    server_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
-{
+    if (server_sock < 0) return -1;
 
-    if ((a == IFD_POWER_DOWN) || (a == IFD_RESET)) {
+    struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr;
-        if (vicc_poweroff() < 0) {
+    memset(&server_sockaddr, 0, sizeof(server_sockaddr));
-            Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not powerdown");
+    server_sockaddr.sin_family      = PF_INET;
-            return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
+    server_sockaddr.sin_port        = htons(VPCDPORT);
+    server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
+
+    if (bind(server_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&server_sockaddr,
+                sizeof(server_sockaddr)) < 0) return -1;
+
+    if (listen(server_sock, 0) < 0) return -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int vicc_exit() {
+    if (server_sock > 0) {
+        server_sock = close(server_sock);
+        if (server_sock < 0) return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int vicc_transmit(int apdu_len, const char *apdu, char **rapdu) {
+    if (sendToVICC(apdu_len, apdu) < 0) return -1;
+
+    return recvFromVICC(rapdu);
+}
+
+int vicc_present() {
+    if (client_sock > 0) return 1;
+    else {
+        fd_set rfds;
+        FD_ZERO(&rfds);
+        FD_SET(server_sock, &rfds);
+
+        /* Wait up to one microsecond. */
+        struct timeval tv;
+        tv.tv_sec = 0;
+        tv.tv_usec = 1;
+
+        if (select(server_sock+1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv) < 0) return -1;
+
+        if (FD_ISSET(server_sock, &rfds)) {
+            struct sockaddr_in client_sockaddr;
+            socklen_t client_socklen = sizeof(client_sockaddr);
+            client_sock = accept(server_sock,
+                    (struct sockaddr*)&client_sockaddr,
+                    &client_socklen);
+            if (client_sock == -1) return -1;
+
+            return 1;
         }
     }
 
-    if ((a == IFD_POWER_UP) || (a == IFD_RESET)) {
+    return 0;
-        if (vicc_poweron() < 0) {
-            Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not powerup");
-            return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
-        }
 }
 
-    return IFD_SUCCESS;
+int vicc_getatr(char** atr) {
+    char i = VPCD_CTRL_ATR;
+    return vicc_transmit(VPCD_CTRL_LEN, &i, atr);
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+int vicc_poweron() {
-IFD_Swallow_ICC()
+    char i = VPCD_CTRL_ON;
-{
+    return sendToVICC(VPCD_CTRL_LEN, &i);
-    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
-    return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+int vicc_poweroff() {
-IFD_Eject_ICC()
+    char i = VPCD_CTRL_OFF;
-{
+    return sendToVICC(VPCD_CTRL_LEN, &i);
-    if (vicc_eject() < 0) {
-        return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
-    }
-    return IFD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-RESPONSECODE
+int vicc_reset() {
-IFD_Confiscate_ICC()
+    char i = VPCD_CTRL_RESET;
-{
+    return sendToVICC(VPCD_CTRL_LEN, &i);
-    Log1(PCSC_LOG_DEBUG, "");
-    return IFD_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-}
-
-RESPONSECODE
-IFD_Transmit_to_ICC(SCARD_IO_HEADER SendPci, PUCHAR TxBuffer, DWORD TxLength,
-        PUCHAR RxBuffer, PDWORD RxLength, PSCARD_IO_HEADER RecvPci)
-{
-    (*RxLength) = 0;
-    char *rapdu;
-
-    int size = vicc_transmit(TxLength, (char *) TxBuffer, &rapdu);
-    if (size < 0) {
-        Log1(PCSC_LOG_ERROR, "could not send apdu or receive rapdu");
-        return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
-    }
-
-    (*RxLength) = size;
-    RxBuffer = memcpy(RxBuffer, rapdu, size);
-    free(rapdu);
-
-    return IFD_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-RESPONSECODE
-IFD_Is_ICC_Present()
-{
-    switch (vicc_present()) {
-        case 0:  return IFD_ICC_NOT_PRESENT;
-        case 1:  return IFD_ICC_PRESENT;
-        default: return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
-    }
-    return IFD_COMMUNICATION_ERROR;
-}
-
-RESPONSECODE
-IFD_Is_ICC_Absent()
-{
-    return IFD_Is_ICC_Present();
 }

virtualsmartcard/vpcd/vpcd.h

@@ -16,184 +16,46 @@
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
  * virtualsmartcard.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
-#include <sys/types.h>
+#ifndef _VPCD_H_
-#include <sys/socket.h>
+#define _VPCD_H_
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
 
-#define PORT 35963
+#include <stdint.h>
-#define LENLEN 3
+
-int server_sock = -1;
+#ifdef __cplusplus
-int client_sock = -1;
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+#define VPCDPORT 35963
+
+#define VPCD_CTRL_LEN 	1
+
+#define VPCD_CTRL_OFF   0
+#define VPCD_CTRL_ON    1
+#define VPCD_CTRL_RESET 2
+#define VPCD_CTRL_ATR	4
 
 /*
- * Send all size bytes from buffer to sock
+ * First send length (unsigned integer in network byte order), then send the
- */
-int sendall(int sock, size_t size, const char* buffer) {
-    /* send a plain message */
-    size_t sent = 0;
-    int i;
-    while (sent < size) {
-        i = send(sock, buffer, size-sent, 0);
-        if (i < 0) return i;
-        sent += i;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Receive size bytes from sock
- */
-char* recvall(int sock, size_t size) {
-    char* buffer = (char*) malloc(size);
-    if (buffer == NULL) return NULL;
-
-    if (recv(sock, buffer, size, MSG_WAITALL) < size) {
-        free(buffer);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    return buffer;
-}
-
-int vicc_eject() {
-    if (client_sock > 0) {
-        client_sock = close(client_sock);
-        if (client_sock < 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * First send length of message to the socket on LENLEN bytes, then send the
  * message itself to the socket.
  */
-int sendToVICC(size_t size, const char* buffer) {
+int sendToVICC(uint16_t size, const char* buffer);
-    /* send size of message on LENLEN bytes */
-    char sizebuf[LENLEN];
-    size_t i;
-    for (i = 0; i < LENLEN; i++)
-        sizebuf[i] = ((size>>8*(LENLEN-i-1)) & 0xff);
-
-    i = sendall(client_sock, LENLEN, sizebuf);
-    if (i<0) {
-        vicc_eject();
-        return i;
-    }
-    i = sendall(client_sock, size, buffer);
-    if (i<0) {
-        vicc_eject();
-        return i;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
 /*
  * Receive a message from icc
  */
-int recvFromVICC(char** buffer) {
+int recvFromVICC(char** buffer);
-    /* receive size of message on LENLEN bytes */
+
-    unsigned char* sizebuffer = (unsigned char*) recvall(client_sock, LENLEN);
+int vicc_eject();
-    if (sizebuffer == NULL) {
+int vicc_init();
-        vicc_eject();
+int vicc_exit();
-        return -1;
+int vicc_transmit(int apdu_len, const char *apdu, char **rapdu);
-    }
+int vicc_getatr(char** atr);
-
+int vicc_present();
-    /* calculate size */
+int vicc_poweron();
-    int size = 0;
+int vicc_poweroff();
-    int i;
+int vicc_reset();
-    for (i = 0; i < LENLEN; i++) {
+
-        size <<= 8;
+#ifdef  __cplusplus
-        size += sizebuffer[i];
-    }
-    free(sizebuffer);
-
-    /* receive message */
-    *buffer = recvall(client_sock, size);
-    if (*buffer == NULL) {
-        vicc_eject();
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return size;
-}
-
-int vicc_init() {
-    server_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
-    if (server_sock < 0) return -1;
-
-    struct sockaddr_in server_sockaddr;
-    memset(&server_sockaddr, 0, sizeof(server_sockaddr));
-    server_sockaddr.sin_family      = PF_INET;
-    server_sockaddr.sin_port        = htons(PORT);
-    server_sockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
-
-    if (bind(server_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&server_sockaddr,
-                sizeof(server_sockaddr)) < 0) return -1;
-
-    if (listen(server_sock, 0) < 0) return -1;
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-int vicc_exit() {
-    if (server_sock > 0) {
-        server_sock = close(server_sock);
-        if (server_sock < 0) return -1;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-int vicc_transmit(int apdu_len, const char *apdu, char **rapdu) {
-    if (sendToVICC(apdu_len, apdu) < 0) return -1;
-
-    return recvFromVICC(rapdu);
-}
-
-int vicc_getatr(char** atr) {
-    return vicc_transmit(0, "", atr);
-}
-
-int vicc_present() {
-    if (client_sock > 0) return 1;
-    else {
-        fd_set rfds;
-        FD_ZERO(&rfds);
-        FD_SET(server_sock, &rfds);
-
-        /* Wait up to one microsecond. */
-        struct timeval tv;
-        tv.tv_sec = 0;
-        tv.tv_usec = 1;
-
-        if (select(server_sock+1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv) < 0) return -1;
-
-        if (FD_ISSET(server_sock, &rfds)) {
-            struct sockaddr_in client_sockaddr;
-            socklen_t client_socklen = sizeof(client_sockaddr);
-            client_sock = accept(server_sock,
-                    (struct sockaddr*)&client_sockaddr,
-                    &client_socklen);
-            if (client_sock == -1) return -1;
-
-            return 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-int vicc_poweron() {
-    char on = 1;
-    return sendToVICC(1, &on);
-}
-
-int vicc_poweroff() {
-    char off = 0;
-    return sendToVICC(1, &off);
 }
+#endif
+#endif

virtualsmartcard/vpicc/VirtualSmartcard.py

@@ -20,10 +20,11 @@ from ConstantDefinitions import *
 from TLVutils import *
 from SWutils import SwError, SW
 from SmartcardFilesystem import prettyprint_anything, MF, DF, CryptoflexMF, TransparentStructureEF
-from utils import C_APDU, R_APDU, hexdump, stringtoint, inttostring
+from utils import C_APDU, R_APDU, hexdump, inttostring
 from SmartcardSAM import CardContainer, SAM, PassportSAM, CryptoflexSAM
 from pickle import dumps, loads
 import socket, struct, sys, signal, atexit, traceback
+import struct
 
 
 class SmartcardOS(object): # {{{ 
@@ -149,6 +150,9 @@ class SmartcardOS(object): # {{{
     def powerDown(self):
         pass
 
+    def reset(self):
+        pass
+
     @staticmethod
     def makeATR(**args): # {{{
         """Calculate Answer to Reset (ATR) and returns the bitstring.
@@ -470,6 +474,17 @@ class CryptoflexOS(SmartcardOS): # {{{
 # }}}
 
 
+# sizeof(int) taken from asizof-package {{{
+_Csizeof_short = len(struct.pack('h', 0))
+# }}}
+
+VPCD_CTRL_LEN 	= 1
+
+VPCD_CTRL_OFF   = 0
+VPCD_CTRL_ON    = 1
+VPCD_CTRL_RESET = 2
+VPCD_CTRL_ATR	= 4
+
 class VirtualICC(object): # {{{ 
 
     def __init__(self, filename,os=None, lenlen=3, host="localhost", port=35963):
@@ -503,34 +518,39 @@ class VirtualICC(object): # {{{
         return sock
 
     def __sendToVPICC(self, msg):
-        size = inttostring(len(msg), self.lenlen)
+        #size = inttostring(len(msg), self.lenlen)
-        self.sock.sendall("%s%s" % (size, msg))
+	self.sock.send(struct.pack('!H', len(msg)) + msg)
 
     def __recvFromVPICC(self):
         # receive message size
-        size = self.sock.recv(self.lenlen)
+        size = struct.unpack('!H', self.sock.recv(_Csizeof_short))[0]
-        size = stringtoint(size)
 
         # receive and return message
-        if size == 0:
+	if size:
-            return ""
-	else:
 	    msg = self.sock.recv(size)
-		return msg
+	else:
+	    msg = None
+	return size, msg
 
     def run(self):
         while True :
-            msg = self.__recvFromVPICC()
+            (size, msg) = self.__recvFromVPICC()
-            if msg == "":
+            if not size:
-                self.__sendToVPICC(self.os.atr)
+                print "error in communication protocol"
-            elif msg == chr(0):
+	    elif size == VPCD_CTRL_LEN:
-                # powerdown
+		if msg == chr(VPCD_CTRL_OFF):
 		    print "Power Down"
 		    self.os.powerDown()
-            elif msg == chr(1):
+		elif msg == chr(VPCD_CTRL_ON):
-                # powerup
 		    print "Power Up"
 		    self.os.powerUp()
+		elif msg == chr(VPCD_CTRL_RESET):
+		    print "Reset"
+		    self.os.reset()
+		elif msg == chr(VPCD_CTRL_ATR):
+		    self.__sendToVPICC(self.os.atr)
+		else:
+		    print "unknown control command"
             else:
                 print "APDU (%d Bytes):\n%s" % (len(msg),hexdump(msg, short=True))
                 answer = self.os.execute(msg)