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.. highlight:: sh
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.. _pcsc-relay:
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################################################################################
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PC/SC Relay
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################################################################################
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.. sidebar:: Summary
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Relay a smart card to a contactless interface
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:Authors:
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- `Frank Morgner <frankmorgner@gmail.com>`_
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- `Dominik Oepen <oepen@informatik.hu-berlin.de>`_
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:License:
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GPL version 3
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:Tested Platforms:
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- Windows
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- Linux (Debian, Ubuntu, OpenMoko)
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Welcome to PC/SC Relay. The purpose of PC/SC Relay is to relay a smart
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card using an contact-less interface. Currently the following contact-less
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emulators are supported:
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- `Hardware supported by libnfc`_
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- OpenPICC_
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- :ref:`acardemulator`
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Command APDUs are received with the contact-less interface and relayed. The
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Response APDUs are then sent back via RFID. The contact-less data will be
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relayed to one of the following:
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- to a *real* smart card inserted into one of the systems' smart card readers.
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The smart card reader must be accessible with PC/SC. The smart card may be
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contact-based *or* contact-less.
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- to a :ref:`vicc` that directly connects to :command:`pcsc-relay`. The virtual
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smart card's native interface is used and (despite its name) PC/SC Relay
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does not need to access PC/SC in this case.
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.. tikz:: Debug, Analyze and Emulate with PC/SC Relay
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:stringsubst:
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:libs: arrows, calc, fit, patterns, plotmarks, shapes.geometric, shapes.misc, shapes.symbols, shapes.arrows, shapes.callouts, shapes.multipart, shapes.gates.logic.US, shapes.gates.logic.IEC, er, automata, backgrounds, chains, topaths, trees, petri, mindmap, matrix, calendar, folding, fadings, through, positioning, scopes, decorations.fractals, decorations.shapes, decorations.text, decorations.pathmorphing, decorations.pathreplacing, decorations.footprints, decorations.markings, shadows
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\input{%(wd)s/bilder/tikzstyles.tex}
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\node (pcsc-relay) {\texttt{pcsc-relay}};
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\node [kleiner, right=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=.9cm]
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(libnfc) {Libnfc Devices};
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\node [kleiner, right=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=.3cm]
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(openpicc) {OpenPICC};
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\node [kleiner, right=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=-.3cm]
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(vpcd) {Virtual Smart Card Reader};
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\node [kleiner, right=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=-.9cm]
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(acardemulator) {Android Smart Card Emulator};
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\node [kleiner, left=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=.9cm]
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(contactbased) {Contact-based Smart Card};
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\node [kleiner, left=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=.3cm]
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(contactless) {Contact-less Smart Card};
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\node [kleiner, left=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=-.9cm]
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(remotereader) {Remote Smart Card Reader};
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\node [kleiner, left=2cm of pcsc-relay, yshift=-.3cm]
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(virtual) {Virtual Smart Card};
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\node [above=.3cm of pcsc-relay, kleiner, xshift=1.2cm]
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(capdu) {Command APDU};
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\node [below=.3cm of pcsc-relay, kleiner, xshift=-1.2cm]
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(rapdu) {Response APDU};
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\draw (rapdu.east) edge [pfeil] +(1,0);
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\draw (capdu.west) edge [pfeil] +(-1,0);
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\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
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\path[line width=.5cm,color=hublue!20]
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(pcsc-relay.mid) edge [out=180, in=0] (contactbased.east)
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edge [out=180, in=0] (contactless.east)
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edge [out=180, in=0] (virtual.east)
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edge [out=180, in=0] (remotereader.east)
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edge [out=0, in=180] (libnfc.west)
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edge [out=0, in=180] (openpicc.west)
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edge [out=0, in=180] (vpcd.west)
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edge [out=0, in=180] (acardemulator.west)
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;
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\end{pgfonlayer}
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With PC/SC Relay you can relay a contact-less or contact based smart card
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over a long distance. Also you can use it in combination with the :ref:`vicc`
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to completely emulate an ISO/IEC 14443 smart card.
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.. tikz:: Emulate a contact-less German ID card to perform sanity checks
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:stringsubst:
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:libs: arrows, calc, fit, patterns, plotmarks, shapes.geometric, shapes.misc, shapes.symbols, shapes.arrows, shapes.callouts, shapes.multipart, shapes.gates.logic.US, shapes.gates.logic.IEC, er, automata, backgrounds, chains, topaths, trees, petri, mindmap, matrix, calendar, folding, fadings, through, positioning, scopes, decorations.fractals, decorations.shapes, decorations.text, decorations.pathmorphing, decorations.pathreplacing, decorations.footprints, decorations.markings, shadows
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\input{%(wd)s/bilder/tikzstyles.tex}
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\tikzstyle{bla}=[shape=rectangle split, rectangle split parts=2,
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every text node part/.style={align=center, klein}, text width=7cm,
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every second node part/.style={kleiner}, inner sep=0pt]
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\tikzstyle{keks}=[to path={-- ++(.1,0) |- (\tikztotarget)}]
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\node (touchatag)
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{\includegraphics[keepaspectratio, height=2cm,
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width=2cm]{%(wd)s/bilder/touchatag.png}};
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\node (touchatagbeschreibung) [below=0cm of touchatag, kleiner]
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{touchatag};
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\node (pcsc-relay) [right=of touchatag]
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{\texttt{pcsc-relay}};
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\node (pcsc-relaybeschreibung) [below=0cm of pcsc-relay, kleiner]
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{NFC emulator
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};
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\node (vicc) [right=of pcsc-relay]
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{\texttt{vicc -t nPA}};
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\node (viccbeschreibung) [below=0cm of vicc, kleiner]
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{nPA emulator};
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\node (group) [fit=(touchatag) (pcsc-relay) (vicc) (touchatagbeschreibung)
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(pcsc-relaybeschreibung) (viccbeschreibung)] {};
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\node (funktionenchat) [below=0cm of group, bla]
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{
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PACE
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\nodepart{second}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Display context (eID/eSign)
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\item Display requested permissions
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\end{itemize}
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};
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\node (funktionenpace) [below=.5 of funktionenchat, bla]
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{
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Terminal Authentication
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\nodepart{second}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Verify authenticy of terminal
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\item Check freshness of cv certificate
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\item With certificate database
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Identification of service provider
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\item Display purpose of transaction
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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};
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\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
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\node (box) [fit=(touchatag) (pcsc-relay) (vicc) (touchatagbeschreibung)
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(pcsc-relaybeschreibung) (viccbeschreibung) (funktionenchat)
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(funktionenpace), box, inner sep=.5cm] {};
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\node (boxbild) at (box.north west)
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{\includegraphics[keepaspectratio, height=1.5cm,
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width=1.5cm]{%(wd)s/bilder/moko/moko_reader.png}};
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\node [right=0cm of boxbild.east, yshift=.3cm]
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{Openmoko Neo FreeRunner};
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\end{pgfonlayer}
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\node (a) [left=1.5of box]
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{\includegraphics[keepaspectratio, height=4cm,
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width=4cm]{%(wd)s/bilder/ivak_kiosk-terminal.pdf}};
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\node (e) [below=0cm of a, text width=2.5cm, align=center]
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{(Public) Terminal};
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\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
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\path
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(touchatag) edge [doppelpfeil] (pcsc-relay)
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(pcsc-relay) edge [doppelpfeil] (vicc)
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(vicc.east) edge [keks, pfeil] (funktionenchat.text east)
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(vicc.east) edge [keks, pfeil] (funktionenpace.text east)
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(a) edge [decorate, decoration={expanding waves, angle=20, segment
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length=6}, nichtrundelinie] (touchatag.south west);
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\end{pgfonlayer}
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PC/SC Relay has the following dependencies:
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- PC/SC middleware
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- libnfc_
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.. include:: relay-note.txt
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.. include:: download.txt
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.. include:: autotools.txt
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===============
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Hints on libnfc
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===============
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Here is an example of how to get the standard
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installation of libnfc::
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PREFIX=/tmp/install
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LIBNFC=libnfc
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git clone https://code.google.com/p/libnfc $LIBNFC
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cd $LIBNFC
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autoreconf -i
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# See `./configure --help` for enabling support of additional hardware
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./configure --prefix=$PREFIX
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make
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make install
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Building PC/SC Relay with libnfc is done best using :command:`pkg-config`. The file
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:file:`libnfc.pc` should be located in ``$INSTALL/lib/pkgconfig``. Here is how to
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configure PC/SC Relay to use it::
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./configure PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PREFIX/lib/pkgconfig
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====================================
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Hints on Android Smart Card Emulator
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====================================
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The Android Smart Card Emulator is build around the host card emulation mode of
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Android 4.4 and later. This mode activates the app if the terminal issues a
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SELECT command with one of the app's application identifiers. The app registers
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for the following AIDs (:file:`ACardEmulator/app/src/main/res/xml/aid_list.xml`):
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.. literalinclude:: ../../ACardEmulator/app/src/main/res/xml/aid_list.xml
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:language: xml
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:emphasize-lines: 8,12,16,20
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If used together with PC/SC Relay you need to change these application
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identifiers to match the emulated card. Otherwise the app will not be activated
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when it should relay command APDUs to PC/SC Relay.
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And while you are already modifying the Android Smart Card Emulator you may also
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want to activate `useVPCD` and change `hostname` and `port` to configure the
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connection to PC/SC Relay
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(:file:`ACardEmulator/app/src/main/java/com/vsmartcard/acardemulator/SimulatorService.java`):
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.. literalinclude:: ../../ACardEmulator/app/src/main/java/com/vsmartcard/acardemulator/SimulatorService.java
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:language: java
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:lines: 47-52
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:emphasize-lines: 3,5-6
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Compiling and installing Android Smart Card Emulator is covered in its :ref:`acardemulator_install` section.
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=========================
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Hints on PC/SC middleware
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=========================
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A PC/SC middleware is included by default in most modern operating systems. On
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Unix-like systems (Linux, OS X, Sun OS) it is realized by PCSC-Lite_. To
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compile PC/SC Relay you will need to install the PCSC-Lite headers from
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your distribution.
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Windows also ships with a PC/SC middleware in form of the Winscard module.
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PC/SC Relay can be (cross) compiled with MinGW-w64. Also, Microsoft's
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developement environment Visual Studio includes all necessary data for building
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PC/SC Relay.
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*****
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Usage
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*****
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.. program-output:: pcsc-relay --help
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Below we explain what option to choose for the emulator which receives a
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command APDU and transmits a response APDU back to the terminal:
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=================================================== ==============
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Option ``--emulator``
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=================================================== ==============
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Emulation hardware supported via libnfc ``libnfc``
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Emulation with OpenPICC ``openpicc``
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Android Smart Card Emulator ``vpcd``
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Virtual Smart Card ``vpcd``
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=================================================== ==============
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Below we explain what option to choose for the connector which calculates
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a response APDU from a given command APDU:
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=================================================== ===============
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Option ``--connector``
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=================================================== ===============
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Contact-based Smart Card in PC/SC Reader ``pcsc``
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Contact-less Smart Card in PC/SC Reader ``pcsc``
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Contact-less Smart Card in Remote Smart Card Reader ``vicc``
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Virtual Smart Card ``vicc``
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=================================================== ===============
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.. include:: questions.txt
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********************
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Notes and References
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********************
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.. target-notes::
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.. _`Hardware supported by libnfc`: http://nfc-tools.org/index.php?title=Devices_compatibility_matrix
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.. _libnfc: http://www.libnfc.org/
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.. _OpenPICC: http://www.openpcd.org/OpenPICC
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.. _PCSC-lite: http://pcsclite.alioth.debian.org/
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Frank Morgner